Syllabus- Qutub Shahis and their contribution to Telugu literature, art and architecture. Protest Movements against Kakatiyas and Qutub Shahis- Sammakka Sarakka and Sarvaipapanna
Number of questions- Mains: 02, Prelims – 10
Mains Questions of the day
1.Mention some important aspects made in Basatin-us-Salatin book regarding the administrative affairs of Qutub Shahis.
Introduction:
Write briefly about administration of Qutub Shahis.
Body:
Mention Some important aspects made in Basatin-us-Salatin book
Conclusion:
- Some suggestions of Basatin-us-Salatinwere followed by Qutub Shahi Sultans with true spirit. This made them very popular.
Content:
Administration of Qutub Shahis:
- The administrative system introduced by Qutub Shahi Sultans is unique in its nature and structure
- They provided sound and popular administration to their people.
- Mirza-Ibrahim-Zubari’s work Basatin-us-Salatin is providing very useful, authentic information about the Qutub Shahi polity, its nature and structure.
- Mirza-Ibrahim-Zubari was a contemporor of Abdullah-Qutub shah (1626-1672).
- This book was written on the model of Siasat Nama written by Nizam-ul-Mulk-Tusi.
- Siasat Nama discussed the duties and objectives of a Sultan.
- The Qutub Shahi Sultans followed the guidelines laid in Siasat Nama.
- But they also considered, the local people’s desires and local laws in running the administration.
Some important aspects mentioned in Basatin-us-Salatin:
- In the first part of book, the author Basatin advised the king to protect the law and follow it without any fear or favour.
- He said such spirit will not only bring good name to ruler but also prosperity to the kingdom.
- If the ruler treats all his people with love and takes care of all the needy people, he will become very popular.
- He advised the Sultan to appoint, Quzis, Muftis, Judges and pay their salaries in cash.
- He also supported the donation of some villages to these officials.
- In the second section, the author advised the Sultan to appoint his ministers on the basis of their loyalty, experience and dedication.
- He also suggested the Sultan to grant Jagirs to ministers for the period of three years and advised to maintain strict discipline with ministers.
- He ordered Sultan to behave in high dignity in the council meetings.
In Basatin-us-Salatin, the author advised the Sultan to do the following works for the welfare of public: They are:
- Construction of trunk roads
- keeping the feeder roads clean
- Making all the arrangements for the public during festival days to purchase their required articles etc.,
- Planting of shady trees on the both sides of roads
- Construction of Sarais, arrangement of water and free feeding facility at Sarais with Government’s money.
2.Trace the progress of Telugu literature under Qutub Shahis.
Introduction:
Write briefly about Qutub Shahis regime.
Body:
Mention the progress of Telugu literature under Qutub Shahis
Conclusion:
- Telugu literature under Qutub Shahis continue to enjoy the royal support as in Vijayanagara age.
- Qutub Shahi Sultans and their officials did great service to Telugu language.
Content:
Progress of Telugu Literature under Qutub Shahis:
- The Qutub Shahi Sultans and their officials were great patrons of Telugu language
- Many Telugu Scholars and Poets were honoured by Qutub Shahi Sultans.
- Especially, during the age of Ibrahim-Quli-Qutub Shah Telugu language became famous for literary activity.
- Famous Telugu Poet Addanki Gangadhara was patronized by Ibrahim-Quli-Qutub Shah.
- The poet dedicated one of his work to the Sultan.
- Ibrahim-Quli-Qutub Shah was praised by his court poets as “Malikiba Rama”.
- Kandukuri Rudrakavi, the author of Telugu literature was honoured by Quli Qutub Shah.
- The Sultan, was impressed and granted him ‘Chintapalem’ village as gift.
- Aminkhan, the in-charge office of Patancheru (under Ibrahim-Quli-Qutub Shah) patronized Ponneganti Telaganarya another famous Telugu Poet.
- The poet dedicated his work Yayati Charitam to Amin-Khan.
- This was the first Telugu work written in “Achha-Telugu”.
- Many Telugu Scholars and Poets wrote many Chatu-Verses praising the great qualities of Ibrahim-Quli-Qutub Shah.
- During the period of Muhammad-Quli-Qutub Shah, the successor of Ibrahim-Quli-Qutub Shah Telugu Scholars and Poets received liberal patronization from the new Sultan.
- Ganesha Pandita was the Court poet of Muhammad-Quli-Qutub Shah.
- Saranga Thammayya was another great Telugu Poet of Muhammad-Quli-Qutub Shah’s Court.
- He was originally the in-charge Revenue Officer (Karanam) of Golconda.
- He wrote a popular Telugu work named Vaijayanthi Vilasam, Kshetrayya the famous Telugu ‘Padakartha’ was a contemporary of Abdullah-Qutub Shah.
- He visited, the Court of Abdullah Qutub Shah and sung more than one thousand Padakeerthanas praising the Sultan.
- Kshetrayya a native of ‘Movva’ village in Krishna District.
- His Padakeerthanas became very popular in the entire Qutub Shahi Kingdom.
- Kancharla Gopanna (Bhakta Ramadas) the Revenue Officer (Tahsildar) of Khammam under Abul Hassan-Tanashah(last ruler of sultans), had constructed a temple to Lord Sri Rama at Bhadrachalam.
- Later on he was imprisoned for using public money for constructing a temple.
- Kancharla Gopanna sung many Keerthanas on Lord Sri Rama, which became popular in the entire Andhradesa.
- He became popularly known as Bhakta Ramadas.
- His work Dasarathi Satakam was a classical work and enjoyed great appreciation from Scholars.
- According Scholars, Prajakavi Yogivemana also belongs to this age.
Prelims Questions of the day:
1.Who was the eighth ruler of Qutub Shah Sultan?
- Abdullah
- Malik
- Abul Hassan Tanashah
- None of the above
Answer: C
Explanation:
Abul Hasan Tana Shah:
- Abul Hasan Qutb Shah, also known as Abul Hasan Tana Shah was the eighth and last ruler of the Qutub Shahi dynasty, sovereign of the Kingdom of Golconda in South India.
- He ruled from 1672 to 1686.
- The last Sultan of this Shia Islamic dynasty, Tana Shah is remembered as an inclusive ruler.
2.” Risala-e-Mildaria” work of Mir-Momin_Astrabadi was related which of the following ?
- Weights and measurements
- Administration
- Marriage alliances of kings
- Trade
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Mir Momin was as much a peshwa as he was a great scholar.
- He is supposed to have had mastery over occult sciences too.
- In fact, he got constructed a black granite pillar behind the western arch and got verses inscribed on it, near the Charminar to ward off evil spirits.
- Behind this there was a big lofty gate with a gold-cloth curtain studded with precious stones. All his books on the occult are buried with him.
- Mir Momin added many books to the royal library.
- He authored a book Risal-e-maqdariya in Persian which was in 12 parts on weights and measures.
- He wrote another book Kitab-e-rajiyath besides composing rubayis (quartrains) and qaseedahs (eulogies).
3.Sultan Quli defeated which of the following Gajapati officer in the battle of Khammaam?
- Kapilendra Deva
- Purushottama Deva
- Shitabkham
- Kakharua Deva
Answer: C
Explanation:
- Quli-Qutub-ul-Mulk is popularly known as Sultan Quli Qutb ul Mulk, founder of Qutb Shahi Kingdom
- Sultan Quli had an ancestral home in Iraq(Persia), migrated to India after losing power in Persia.
- Sultan Quli joined service in Muhammad Shah (1463-1482), later he was appointed as Tarfdar of Telangana region by Bhamani Sultan in 1492 AD
- Sultan Quli declared Independence in 1518 AD. Qutbshahi’s ruled more than 175 years
- During the Qutbshahi period, the Telugu language had great progress.
4.In which of the following battle was between Deccan sultan and Vijayanagar Empire?
- Battle of Amber
- Battle of Talikota
- Battle of Khammam
- Battle of Panipat
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Battle of Talikota, confrontation in the Deccan region of southern India between the forces of the Hindu raja of Vijayanagar and the four allied Muslim sultans of Bijapur, Bidar, Ahmadnagar, and Golconda.
- The battle was fought on January 23, 1565, at a site southeast of Bijapur, in what is now northern Karnataka state.
- Ali Adil Shah of Bijapura demanded the return of Raichur from Aliya Ramaraya.
- Ramaraya refused and asked the Sultan to take it in the battle field.
- This was the immediate cause for the battle.
5.Muhammad Nagar, a new city near Golconda fort was built by which of the following ruler?
- Jamsheed
- Abul Hasan Tanashah
- Ibrham Quli Qutub Shah
- Quli-Qutub-ul-Mulk
Answer: D
Explanation:
- Quli-Qutub-ul-Mulk declared Independence in 1518 C.E at age of 67 yrs after death of last Bhamani Sultan Quli
- Quli-Qutub-ul-Mulk attacked on territories Reddi, Vijayanagara and Gajapati rulers
- Quli-Qutub-ul-Mulk build new city ‘Muhammad Nagar’ near Golconda fort
- Quli-Qutub-ul-Mulk was murdered by his son Jamsheed in Mosque inside Golconda fort. He died at age of 99 yrs
- Jamsheed, 3rd son of Quli-Qutub-ul-Mulk ascended throne by murdering his father in mosque.
6.Which of the following ruler, built the city of Hyderabad on the bank of Musi River?
- Muhammad Quli shah
- Abul Hasan Tanashah
- Ibrham Quli Qutub Shah
- Quli-Qutub-ul-Mulk
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Muhammad Quli built the city of Hyderabad on the southern bank of the Musi River in 1591.
- He called architects from all around the world to lay out the city, which was built on a grid plan.
- The city was named in the remembrance of 1st Caliph of Islam or 1st Imam of Shia Muslim, Ali Ibne Abi Talib.
7. Who among the following designed the plan for Hyderabad city?
- Muhammad Quli shah
- Mir-Momin-Astrabadi
- Abul Hasan Tanashah
- Shah-abbas
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Hyderabad city was built by Muhammad-Quli-Qutub-Shah
- Muhammad-Quli-Qutub-Shah’s Minister Peshwa, Mir-Momin-Astrabadi designed the plan for city and Charminar.
8. During Ibraham-Quli-Qutb shah, Majlis-i-Kingash describes which of the following?
- Sabha
- Court
- Council
- Trade affairs
Answer: C
Explanation:
In Ibrahim Quli Qutb shah period, Council became popular and it was known as Majlis-i-Kingash
9.Sultan claimed divine right and calling himself as Zillullah. Which of the following best describes the word Zillullah?
- People’s king
- Image of God
- Devoted to god
- Sovereign power of the king
Answer: B
Explanation:
- According to book Basatin-us-salatin(Dastur-ul-Amal), we got to know that, authored advised king to appoint Quzis, Muftis, Judges and pay their salary in cash
- Even Author Advised king to grant Jagirs to ministers for 3 yrs
- Qutb Shahi Sultans claimed themselves as Zillullah, “Image of God”
10.In Qutb Shahi rule, what is the position of Peshwa or Diwan in the Central Government?
- Third
- Second
- Fourth
- First
Answer: B
Explanation:
- In Qutb Shahi rule, Peshwa or Diwan or Prime minster is second most important person after sultan.
- By time of Adbul Hassan Tanashah, Peshwa post was converted into Diwan, Madanna was the last Diwan of Golconda.