Syllabus- Road and Rail Network distribution and role in Economic Development. Population – distribution, growth, density, demographic characteristics (sex ratio, age, literacy, etc.,) Tribal Population – distribution, problems of Tribal areas and policies for Tribal Area Development.
Number of questions- Mains: 02, Prelims – 10
Mains Questions of the day-
1.Explain briefly about the scheduled areas in Telangana. Mention the government interventions for welfare of tribal population in Telangana especially in the education sector.
Introduction: –
Write briefly about schedule areas for tribes in Telangana.
Body: –
Mention the Government intervention in education sector for promoting the tribal welfare in Telangana.
Conclusion: –
Governments needs to address the following challenges in tribal administration for promoting the welfare of tribal people in Telangana.
- Lack of investments in human capital such as Education (literacy), Health etc.
- Remoteness:
- Limited local market and jobs, potential impacts their growth.
- Lack of credit facilities such as bank financing, access to loans etc.
- Dislocation of Tribal.
Content: –
Scheduled Areas
- “Scheduled Areas” mean the Scheduled Areas as referred in Article 244(1).
- The Fifth Schedule, which mentions Scheduled Areas is termed as a “Constitution within a Constitution”.
- Funds for tribal welfare in scheduled areas: –
- Central funds such as:
- Special Central Assistance to Tribal Sub Scheme (SCA to TSS) is part of the Umbrella Scheme for Development of Scheduled Tribes which is a Core of the Core Scheme. It supplements the efforts of State Governments for development and welfare of tribal people by extending Special Central Assistance as an additive to the State Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP).
- Grants under Article 275.
- Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) development Grants: The scheme will cover only the 75 identified PVTGs. The scheme is flexible because it enables each State to focus on areas that they consider relevant to their PVTGs and their socio-cultural environment
- State Funds:
- Departmental Budget
- Scheduled Tribes Special Development Fund (STSDF) of Telangana government.
Present status of Scheduled Tribes in Telangana state:
- ST population (as per 2011 Census):
- Total State Population-350.05 lakhs
- Total ST Population – 31.78lakhs (9.08 %)
- 32 Tribal Communities including 4 PVTGs
- ST Population in Integrated Tribal Development Agency for Primitive Tribal Groups(ITDA) Districts- 16.83(52.96%)
- ST Population in Other Districts-14.95(47.04 %)
- % ST Literacy (2011) is 49.80.
- % ST Male Literacy (2011) is 61.02.
- % ST Female Literacy (2011)40.64.
- Number of Districts with Scheduled Areas-10 (Adilabad, Komarambheem-Asifabad, Mancherial, Jayashankar Bhupalapally, Mulugu, Warangal Rural, Mahaboobabad, Bhadradri Kothagudem, Khammam and Nagarkurnool districts).
Education:
Government interventions in educational sector for the welfare of tribal community such as:
- Educational Infrastructure:
Tribal Welfare Engineer Wing is taking up works pertaining to construction of Hostels, Ashram Schools, Residential Institutions, Staff Quarters etc. under State and NABARD Schemes.
- Maintenance of Educational and related Institutions such as Hostels, Ashram Schools, Government Primary Schools, Post Matric Hostels etc.
- Providing Pre-Matric Scholarships and Post-Matric Scholarships.
- Sports Events are conducted at District level and State level to inculcate the sporting spirit and encourage students.
- The model Sports Schools are being developed.
- School Health Screening Programme such as:
- GIRI BALA AROGYA RAKSHA: Health services to ST Boarders of Telangana Tribal Welfare Educational Institutions of Telangana.
- This includes medical screening (Physical Examination and Blood tests), Digitization of health profiles of each student, dashboard analysis of the Health condition for early interventions, centralized health command centre for day to day monitoring of the health status of students and guiding the field functionaries for follow up.
- New Initiatives such as:
- E-SCHOOLS: Advanced satellite based education in Mathematics, Science and English Coverage from Class 5 to 10 through Tele Education through e- schools.
- LIVE and interactive education enriched with Multimedia content.
- Best faculty and subject experts delivering the content Broad casting studio already set up at Hyderabad Real time interaction in two-way communication mode.
- SCHOOLS FOR THE DIFFERENTLY ABLED:
- The Tribal Welfare Department has setup a Special School for the differently abled ST Children and it is running successfully.
- Ministry has agreed to support to establish two more Special Schools at Bhadrachalam and Hyderabad.
Other initiatives of the government for prompting the welfare of the tribal population: –
- Self-Employment Schemes:
ST beneficiaries identified and registered in OBMMS (Online Beneficiary Monitoring & Management System) for giving Financial Support to them.
- Own Your Car Scheme/ Driver Empowerment Scheme:
The programme includes skill enhancement of the drivers through driving school, assistance for placement and financial assistance for vehicle purchase.
- Borewell Drilling and Energization support for ST Farmers. To provide financial support to ST Farmers.
- Land Development Scheme for STs “Giri Vikasam” To convert the small and marginal ST farmer’s uncultivable agricultural lands into cultivable lands for the sustainable agriculture development of the STs in the State. By providing facilities like irrigation, drip etc., under this scheme as the majority of ST lands are uncultivable and fallow due to lack of proper irrigation facilities
- ANM training program under the government for tribal youth for providing paramedical training courses to address the issue of lack of health personnel in tribal areas.
- The Scheme is specifically designed for imparting Skill training and placement of ST youth through Youth Training Centres and Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana Scheme. Every Year on an average 3000 ST Youth are being trained for Self-employment and Employment.
2.Telangana government envisions to transform Hyderabad into a ‘Global City’. In this context, mention the government initiatives towards the transforming Hyderabad into a Global City?
Introduction: –
Mention some statics regarding the Hyderabad city.
Body: –
Mention the government initiatives towards the transforming the Hyderabad into a global city.
Conclusion: –
Improving Ecological Balance in city to promote tourism with a view to transforming the city into ecologically rich zone, the Government has started several initiatives:
- Hussain Sagar Lake and Catchment Area Improvement Project.
- Haritha Haram & Green Curtain Under the ‘Haritha Haram’ project, the government of Telangana plans to develop green cover in an area of 10,000 acres.
Content: –
- Hyderabad is the largest contributor around 17% to the GSDP of Telangana.
- With industrialization majorly concentrated in Hyderabad, Ranga Reddy and Medak districts, which contributed to 45% of Telangana’s GSDP, the State Government is planning to develop new policies to diversify industries to other regions.
- As a part of this, Government has initiated steps towards formation of new industrial corridors with Hyderabad as the epicenter.
- The Industrial Corridors that will be developed in phase – I are:
- Hyderabad-Warangal Industrial Corridor
- Hyderabad-Nagpur Industrial Corridor and
- Hyderabad-Bengaluru Industrial Corridor.
- In the second phase, the corridors to be developed include:
- Hyderabad-Mancherial Industrial Corridor,
- Hyderabad-Nalgonda Industrial Corridor and
- Hyderabad-Khammam Industrial Corridor
The Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA) is entrusted with task of implementation of Vision Docuement.
The vision document will also address various physical and social infrastructure developments.
With increase in employment and investment opportunities in Hyderabad, there has been migration to Hyderabad. Resultantly, the focus on improving Hyderabad’s infrastructure and urban amenities.
Some of the actions initiated by the Government of Telangana to transform Hyderabad into a Global City are provided below:
- Single Master plan for all Zones in Hyderabad – Step towards better administration planning
As a part of improving the city infrastructure, Government is in the process of integrating all the five notified master plans and zoning regulations of the Hyderabad Metropolitan Region (HMR) into single Master plan using spatial technology which can help in better planning and administration purpose.
- Information Technology Investment Region –
High potential for investments and employment, Central Government has provided approval for setting up of Information Technology Investment Region (ITIR) in and around Hyderabad.
- The ITIR regions would encompass areas covering Cyberabad Development Authority (CDA) areas including Gachibowli and Madhapur, Hyderabad Airport Development Authority (HADA) areas.
- To attract investments, the telangana Government has offered benefits and incentives at the policy level under the ITIR, which include:
- exemption from zoning regulations,
- exemption from conversion charges,
- Fire Service Act rules and regulations are relaxed for faster approval and statutory clearances.
- Hyderabad Metro Rail Project –
A major boost to this, Hyderabad Metro Rail Project is the world’s largest Public- Private – Partnership (PPP) project which is being executed on a Design-Build-Finance-Operate-and-Transfer (DBFOT) basis.
- This will cover a total distance of 72 km across three corridors.
- Addressing the traffic problems.
- The Project aims at rejuvenating older parts of the city.
- Redesigning Hyderabad city as a people friendly green city and making Hyderabad a major destination for business and investments.
- Safe Global City Improving safety and security of citizens by preventing crimes would increase the investments in the city from domestic and foreign investors.
- During the current year, Government of Telangana increased their spending for improving the facilities for Hyderabad and Cyberabad Police.
- Government acquired modernized vehicles maintain round the clock surveillance in the city.
- Also, to further ensure safety for citizens, the Government has started CCTV project under which one lakh CCTV camera are planned to be installed which will be connected to the proposed Command and Control Centre.
Prelims Questions of the day:
1.What is the percentage of Telangana state in the total population of the country?
- 4.89%
- 3.89%
- 2.89%
- 5.89%
Answer: C
Explanation:
- The percentage of total population of Telangana as of 2011 was 2.89% of the population of India in 2011.
- According to the projections of the National Commission on Population, the percentage of population of Telangana in the years 2021 and 2031 would be 2.77% and 2.66% of the total population of the country in 2021 and 2031 respectively.
2.Which of the following district has highest population in Telangana?
- Hyderabad
- Medchal
- Rangareddy
- Nalgonda
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Hyderabad district is the most populated district with a population and Mulugu is the least populated.
- Telangana consist of 68 Revenue Divisions and 584 Revenue Mandals (Tehsil)
3.What is the percentage of urban population in the total population of the Telangana state?
- 37.88%
- 37.78%
- 38.88%
- 38.89%
Answer: C
Explanation:
According 2011 census, 38.9% is the urban population in Telangana.
4.Which of the following district has the highest population density in the Telangana state?
- Rangareddy
- Hyderabad
- Warangal
- Medchal
Answer: B
Explanation:
Hyderabad district having the highest population density in Telangana state.
5.What is the percentage of Scheduled tribe population in the total population of Telangana state?
- 9.1%
- 9.3%
- 9.08%
- 9.9%
Answer: C
Explanation:
Scheduled Tribe population in the State, which accounts for 9.08 percent of the total population (as per 2011 census)
6.In which of the following year TSRTC was formed?
- 2014
- 2015
- 2016
- 2017
Answer: B
Explanation:
- Road transport corporation in Telangana State was first established as NSRRTD (Nizam State Rail & Road Transport Department), a wing of Nizam State Railway in the erstwhile Hyderabad State, in 1932.
- Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC) was established on 11 January 1958 in pursuance of the Road Transport Corporations Act 1950.
- Consequent upon bifurcation of Andhra Pradesh state into Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, TSRTC operated as a separate entity from 03.06.2015.
7.How many National Highways pass through the Telangana state?
- 22
- 24
- 25
- 26
Answer: C
Explanation:
- 25 National Highways are passing through the State of Telangana.
- With the two new national highways, Telangana state has now got a total of 25 national highways after formation of the state.
8.Which of the following year the first train ran between the Wadi-Secunderabad in the state?
- 1960
- 1870
- 1920
- 1874
Answer: D
Explanation:
Built in 1874 by the Nizam of Hyderabad during the British era, it was the main station of Nizam’s Guaranteed State Railway until the Kacheguda railway.
9.Which of the following district has the indigenous heavy water plant in the Telangana state?
- Manuguru
- Palwancha
- Kothagudem
- Bayyaram
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Indigenous heavy Water Plant, Manuguru is the largest Heavy Water Production facility, supporting the Indian Nuclear Power Program.
- This plant is the second of its kind in India based on this process.
- The first of its kind is located at Kota, Rajasthan had complete technology developed indigenously.
10.Which of the following is the largest tribal group in Telangana?
- Lambada
- Koya
- Gond
- Yerukala
Answer: A
Explaantion:
- Lambada Largest Tribal Community in Telangana (20.44 lakhs); Dispersed nomadic Tribe.
- Koya is the second largest Adivasi Community of Telangana (3.81 lakhs) Indigenous knowledge systems; the famed Medaram Samakka Saralamma jatara is the largest Tribal fair in Asia.
- Gond/ Naikpod Third Largest Tribal Community (2.97 lakhs) Adivasi Community; Freedom fighting legacy; Ojha Craft work.
Yerukala Fourth Largest Tribal Community of Telangana. (1.44 lakhs) Strengths: Basket Making works; Sooth Saying with rich oral traditional literature; prominent economic activity of pig rearing.