Syllabus- Evolution and phases of Urban Growth of Hyderabad, transformation from historical to modern cosmopolitan Megapolis, Primacy of Hyderabad in Telangana State, City structure, Industries and Industrial estates, urban infrastructure and transport – ORR and Metro – Problems and Planning – role of GHMC and HUDA (Metropolitan Development Plan – 2031,
HMDA), Hyderabad as a Tourist Centre and Global city.
Number of questions-
Mains: 02, Prelims – 10
Mains Questions of the day-
1.Water supply and sanitation are the main components of urban infrastructure. Mention the government initiatives for accessing water supply and sanitation in Telangana.
Introduction:
Mention the importance of water-supply and sanitation in Telangana.
Body:
Mention the Government initiatives towards the accessing of water supply and sanitation in Telangana.
Conclusion:
Coordination issues, funding issues needs to be addressed. Expansion of the sanitation and water infrastructure is the way forward.
Content:
Water Supply and Sanitation
- Access to water is critical for human development and economic growth.
- Strengthening the water resources has been a policy priority of the state right from its formation.
- The Government focuses on ensuring timely access to water for agriculture, potable water to the households and adequate water supply to the industrial sector.
- Sanitation services are as important as water supply given its multiple implications on health, environment and safety.
- The Government of Telangana considers sanitation as a priority area through the sanitation components of Palle Pragathi and Pattana Pragathi.
- The Government also implements Swachh Telangana in line with the Swachh Bharat Mission.
- Through Mission Bhagiratha, treated surface water is ensured to rural habitations, and Urban Local Bodies, Schools, Anganwadi Centers and other government institutions.
- Telangana achieved 100% coverage of Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) in all rural habitations.
Mission Bhagiratha: –
- Mission Bhagiratha is the flagship programme of the Government of Telangana to provide safe, adequate, sustainable and treated drinking water to the entire state (except Hyderabad urban agglomeration where a separate water supply system is already functional).
- It supplies surface-treated water to all rural habitations through functional tap connections.
- On the other hand, the Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) receive bulk water supply.
- The project provides 10% of the total water is earmarked to meet industrial needs.
- Moreover, schools and Anganwadi Centers along with other government institutions are provided with functional tap connections under this project.
- According to the Ministry, Telangana is one of the first states in the country to achieve 100% coverage of Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) in all rural habitations through sustainable surface resources.
Swachh Telangana in line with Swachh Bharat Mission
- The Swachh Bharat Mission was launched by the Government of India in 2014 with an objective to bring improvement in the cleanliness, hygiene and the general quality of life in rural areas.
- In 2014, the sanitation coverage in Telangana was only 27.32%. Within the 5 years thereafter, Telangana was declared Open Defecation Free (ODF).
- Siddipet and Peddapalli districts received the ‘Best Districts in the country’ award.
- Under the Gandagi Mukt Bharat programme, Telangana achieved the 1st position for maximum ‘shramdaan’ (effort).
- SBM-G in the state now focuses on sustaining the outcomes achieved through the mission and climbing the sanitation ladder by managing solid and liquid wastes in line with Palle Pragathi, the state flagship program for the overall progress and prosperity of rural areas.
- The Government of Telangana has developed a robust and inclusive ODF Plus strategy involving District Administrations and Panchayat Raj Institutions under SBM Phase II.
ODF Plus Strategy
- ODF Sustainability (ODF-S), Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) and Visible Cleanliness (VC) are the key components of ODF Plus.
- The Government of Telangana recognizes the important role of Information, Education and Communications (IEC) interventions for ODF-S and SLWM to create a felt need for these activities among rural communities.
2.Mention the status of Energy Sector in Telangana.
Introduction:
Mention the importance of energy sector to any state.
Body:
Mention the present status of energy sector in Telangana.
Conclusion:
Shift towards renewable and sustainable energy source if the way forward.
Content:
- Energy is vital for economic growth.
- The major sources of power in Telangana are thermal power plants, hydel power stations and renewable energy sources.
- The Government of Telangana is committed to ensuring uninterrupted power supply to all domestic, agricultural and industrial consumers.
- With the persistent and systematic interventions from the Government, the power sector in the state became a power-surplus.
- An increasing in installed capacity of power from 2014 to 2020, which is more than 80% increase in installed capacity of power in Telangana.
- The power from renewable sources such as Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Bagasse Cogeneration, Waste-to-Energy, Biomass and small Hydropower units which is nearly 23% of total energy produced in the state.
- Telangana has the 3rd lowest transmission losses among all states in the country.
Access to Power and Patterns of Supply:
- Telangana experienced a shortage of power for domestic and other categories at the time of its formation.
- The industries had to experience two power holidays a week.
- The erratic power supply to the agricultural sector led to crop failures and consequent farmer suicides.
- With the persistent and systematic interventions from the Government, the power sector in the state became a surplus.
- All consumers in all sectors (domestic, agriculture and industries) now receive an uninterrupted power supply.
- Telangana is the only state to supply uninterrupted free power to 25.92 lakh agricultural consumers
- The Government allocated a subsidy to provide free power to the agriculture and other subsidized categories under the 2021-22 budget.
- There has been no tariff hike to any category of consumers.
- Through the persistent efforts by the Government, the installed capacity of power in Telangana increased at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10.48%, nearly 7% points higher than the national average of 3.25%.
- The renewable sources held nearly one-fifth (23%) of the total contracted capacity in the state in 2020- 21.
- This includes solar, wind, bagasse, biomass, municipal/industrial waste & mini-hydel.
- More than half of the total contracted capacity in the state was contributed by the thermal sector whereas hydel sources contributed 15%.
- Nearly one-third of the total contracted capacity in the state are held by the private sector.
Transmission and Distribution of Energy:
- ‘Electricity Transmission’ in the state is managed by the Transmission Corporation of Telangana Limited (TRANSCO).
- On the other hand, the energy distribution is taken care of by
- the Telangana State Southern Power Distribution Company Limited (TSSPDCL) and
- the Telangana State Northern Power Distribution Company Limited (TSNPDCL).
- Telangana has the 3rd lowest transmission loss after Himachal Pradesh and Punjab.
Renewable Energy:
- Compared to other states in the southern region, Telangana has a lower share of renewable energy sources in its total installed capacity, around 22%.
- The state needs nearly 5,000 MW of solar energy by 2022 to achieve 7.5% Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) compliance.
- To comply with the RPO mandates, the Government devised the Renewable Energy Plan for 2030 with generation targets for various renewable sources.
- Telangana generates nearly one-fifth of its total energy from renewable sources as of 2020.
- The renewable energy generated is from Solar Energy with a contribution of more than 90%, Wind Energy, Waste-to-Energy, Bagasse Cogeneration, Biomass and small Hydropower units.
- The Government of Telangana has been taking steps to facilitate more private sector investments in renewable energy.
- The Telangana State Solar Policy 2015 provided various incentives to solar power developers.
- The success of the policy is evident from a rise in the installed capacity of solar power around 54 times.
Prelims Question of the day:
1.Which of the following state has not achieved 100% coverage of Functional Household Tap Connection in rural areas?
- Harayana
- Goa
- Telanagana
- Andhra Pradesh
Answer: D
Explanation:
Telangana achieved 100% coverage of Functional Household Tap Connections (FHTC) in all rural habitations along with Haryana and Goa.
2.By how much percentage installed capacity of power is added during 2014 to 2020 in Telangana?
- 20%
- 30%
- 80%
- 10%
Answer: C
Explanation:
The installed capacity of power in Telangana experienced an increase from 9,470 MW in 2014- 15 to 17,218 MW in 2020-21, an increase of more than 80%.
3.Which of the following is the highest in contributor of power among the renewable energy sources in Telangana?
- Solar Energy
- Wind Energy
- Bagasse cogeneration
- Biomass
Answer: A
Explanation:
3,806 MW of power in the state is from renewable energy sources in 2021, of which 3,489 MW is Solar Energy which is nearly 90% of total renewable energy in the state, 128 MW from Wind Energy, 74 MW from Bagasse Cogeneration, 63 MW from Waste-to-Energy, 45 MW from Biomass and 7 MW from small Hydropower units.
4.What is the place of Telangana among all the state in terms of transmission loss in the country?
- 1st highest
- 3rd lowest
- 3rd highest
- 2nd highest
Answer: B
Explanation:
Telangana has the 3rd lowest transmission losses among all states in the country as of 2018- 19, at 14.85%, compared to the all-India value of 20.66%.
5.Which of the following district in Telangana has the longest road network?
- Hyderabad
- Nalgonda
- Ranga Reddy
- Warangal
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Among the districts, Hyderabad has the longest road network in the state. The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) has a total road network of 9,013 km.
- Nalgonda with a total road network of 7,511 km is the district with the second-longest road network.
6.Which of the following district has the highest road density in Telangana?
- Warangal
- Nalgonda
- Hyderabad
- Karimnagar
Answer: C
Explanation:
- Road Density as of 2020-21, Telangana has a total road density of 96 km per 100 square km.
- The road density of Hyderabad district is the maximum at 4,154 km per 100 square km.
- Warangal Rural and Karimnagar are the districts (other than Hyderabad) with the highest road density at 130.3 km per 100 sq km and 121.1 km per 100 sq km respectively.
7.Anywhere –anytime initiative of Telangana Government is related to which of the following sector?
- Water Resources Management
- Public works
- Agriculture loans
- Online service from Regional Transport Authority.
Answer: D
Explanation:
- Anywhere-Anytime Initiative to increase transparency in service delivery, the Government introduced the Mobile-Governance initiative ‘Anywhere-Anytime’.
- This enables the citizens to avail necessary services from the Regional Transport Authorities (RTA) online.
8.In order make Hyderabad as a Green city which of the following initiative has/have been started by TSRTC of Telangana?
- Faster Adoption of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME) scheme
- Solar PV roof-top projects
- Hydro power
- Both A and B
Answer: D
Explanation:
- Eco-friendly initiatives TSRTC introduced 40 electric vehicles under the Faster Adoption of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles (FAME) scheme to mitigate air pollution and make Hyderabad a ‘green city’.
- It has already entered into agreements with three empanelled agencies for the production of 4,488 kW solar power with an average generated power of 65 lakh units.
- The savings in expenditure after installing solar PV roof-top projects is Rs. 2.26 crore per annum.
- The initiative also avoided 7300 tons of CO2 emissions per annum.
9.Which of the following district is the first to establish integrated logistic park in India in Public Private Partnership mode?
- Rangareddy
- Hyderabda
- Waranagal
- Nirmal
Answer: A
Explanation:
- Logistics is one of the 14 thrust sectors under the Industrial Policy Framework for the state, 2014.
- Mangalapally logistics park in Ibrahimpatnam, Rangareddy district which spreads over 22 acres was the first integrated logistics park in India to be developed in Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) mode.
- The Government is also developing a first-of-its-kind logistics park with warehousing, parking, and retail facilities at Batasingaram in Hyderabad across 40 acres at an investment of Rs50 crore.
10.Which of the following initiative of the Telangana is used for providing the high speed internet connectivity in rural areas?
- Palle Pragathi
- Anywhere-Any time
- T-Fibre Grid Project
- Pattana Pragathi
Answer: C
Explanation:
T-Fiber Grid:
- T-Fiber project aims to connect all households, public institutions and private enterprises across the rural areas of the state through OFC, and provide them with high-speed internet connectivity.
- It involves laying a carrier-grade telecom OFC network from the state headquarters (SHQ), as cascades, to the district headquarters (DHQ), Mandal headquarters (MHQ) and the Gram Panchayats (GP).